In R, we can use the built-in function == for comparing two strings.
Here's an example:
string1 <- "Hello"
string2 <- "hello"
string1 == string2 # Returns FALSE
The above example returns FALSE because the comparison is case-sensitive.
If we want a case-insensitive comparison, we can use the toupper() or tolower() functions as shown below:
string1 <- "Hello"
string2 <- "hello"
toupper(string1) == toupper(string2) # Returns TRUE
tolower(string1) == tolower(string2) # Returns TRUE
The above example returns TRUE for both cases as we used toupper() and tolower() to make the comparison case-insensitive.