Switch in MATLAB

Switch is a control flow statement in MATLAB that allows you to branch your code into different cases depending on the value of a expression. The syntax of a switch statement is:

switch expression
    case caseExpression1
        statement(s)
    case caseExpression2
        statement(s)
    ...
    otherwise
        statement(s)
end

Here, expression is the value that you want to test against the different cases. Each case specifies a value or values to match against the expression. If the expression matches a caseExpression, then the statements under that case are executed. If none of the case expressions match the expression, then the statements under the otherwise block are executed.

Here's an example of using a switch statement in MATLAB:

% Example 1: Convert letter grades to number grades
grade = 'B';
switch grade
    case 'A'
        score = 90;
    case 'B'
        score = 80;
    case 'C'
        score = 70;
    case 'D'
        score = 60;
    otherwise
        score = 50;
end
disp(['The score for grade ' grade ' is ' num2str(score)]);

In this example, we have a variable grade that represents a letter grade. We want to convert this grade to a number between 50 and 90. We use a switch statement to test against the different letter grades and assign the corresponding score to the variable score. Once the score is calculated, we use the disp function to display the result.

Here's another example:

% Example 2: Perform different operations based on user input
prompt = 'Enter a number between 1 and 5: ';
num = input(prompt);
switch num
    case 1
        disp('You entered the number 1');
    case 2
        disp('You entered the number 2');
    case 3
        disp('You entered the number 3');
    case 4
        disp('You entered the number 4');
    case 5
        disp('You entered the number 5');
    otherwise
        disp('You did not enter a valid number');
end

In this example, we prompt the user to enter a number between 1 and 5. We use a switch statement to check which number the user entered, and then execute a different statement depending on the number. If the user enters a number outside the range of 1 to 5, we use the otherwise block to display an error message.