In Kotlin, until is used to create a range that excludes the specified end value. Here are a few examples of how until can be used:
Example 1: Using until in a loop
for(i in 0 until 10){
println(i) // will print 0 to 9
}
Here, the loop will iterate from 0 to 9, but the number 10 will be excluded.
Example 2: Creating a range using until
val range = 1 until 5 // creates a range from 1 to 4
println(range.contains(5)) // prints false
In this example, we create a range from 1 to 4 using until, which excludes 5. The contains method is used to check if the number 5 is present in the range, which correctly returns false.
Example 3: Using until to iterate over a list
val myList = listOf("apple", "banana", "orange", "grapes", "watermelon")
for(i in 0 until 3){
println(myList[i]) // will print the first three elements of the list
}
In this case, we use until to iterate over the first three elements of a list. The loop will run from 0 to 2 and print the corresponding elements in the list.