structure Struct in Julia

In Julia, a struct is a composite data type that groups together variables with different data types under a single name. Here's an example:

struct Person
    name::String
    age::Int
    height::Float64
    is_student::Bool
end

In this code snippet, we define a Person struct with four fields: name, age, height, and is_student. Each field is followed by a type annotation that specifies its data type.

Now that we have defined the Person struct, we can create instances of it like this:

person1 = Person("Alice", 25, 1.75, false)
person2 = Person("Bob", 30, 1.85, true)

Here, we create two Person objects, person1 and person2, by calling the Person constructor with the values we want to assign to each field. Notice that we don't explicitly specify the data types when creating objects - Julia infers the types automatically based on the types we specified in the struct definition.

We can access each field of a Person object using the . operator:

println(person1.name)
println(person2.is_student)

This code will print "Alice" and true, respectively, since person1 has "Alice" as its name and person2 is a student (i.e., its is_student field is true).

We can also define functions that take Person objects as arguments or return them as values:

function can_vote(person::Person)
    if person.age >= 18
        return true
    else
        return false
    end
end
function create_student(name::String, age::Int, height::Float64)

    return Person(name, age, height, true)

end

The can_vote function takes a Person object as its argument and returns true if the person is at least 18 years old, and false otherwise. The create_student function creates a new Person object with the is_student field set to true, and returns it.

Hopefully, this demonstrates how you can use struct in Julia.