Add in Haskell

In Haskell, arrays are not the primary collection data type. Instead, the language primarily relies on lists. However, you can still work with arrays by importing the Data.Array module.

To add an element to an array in Haskell, you cannot modify existing arrays. Instead, you will need to create a new array with the added element. Here is the syntax:

let newArray = array (lowerIndex, upperIndex) oldArray ++ [(index, element)]

Explanation:
- newArray is the new array with the added element.
- array is a function for constructing arrays.
- lowerIndex and upperIndex specify the range of indices in the array.
- oldArray is the original array.
- The ++ operator is used to concatenate the original array with a new list containing a tuple of the index and element to be added.

Here is an example:

import Data.Array
-- create an array with three elements

myArray = array (1,3) [(1, "apple"), (2, "banana"), (3, "orange")]
-- add a fourth element

newArray = myArray // [(4, "grape")]

-- note that "//" is the function for updating array elements with new values
-- print the old and new arrays

main = do

  putStrLn "Original array:"

  print myArray

  putStrLn "New array with added element:"

  print newArray

Output:

Original array:
array (1,3) [(1,"apple"),(2,"banana"),(3,"orange")]
New array with added element:
array (1,4) [(1,"apple"),(2,"banana"),(3,"orange"),(4,"grape")]

In this example, we first create an array myArray with three elements. We then create a new array newArray with the added element "grape" at index 4. Finally, we print both the original and new arrays for comparison.