Constructor in Go

In Go, constructors are implemented as special functions that create and initialize new instances of a custom type. The constructor function should have the same name as the type it creates and should return a new instance of the type.

Here is an example of a simple constructor function for a struct type called Person:

type Person struct {
    Name string
    Age  int
}
func NewPerson(name string, age int) *Person {

    return &Person{

        Name: name,

        Age:  age,

    }

}

In this example, NewPerson is the constructor function for the Person struct type. It takes two arguments, name and age, and returns a pointer to a new Person instance.

To use the constructor function, you can simply call it like any other function, passing in the desired values for the name and age fields:

p := NewPerson("Alice", 27)
fmt.Println(p.Name, p.Age) // Output: Alice 27

Here, the NewPerson function is called with the values "Alice" and 27, and the resulting pointer to the new Person instance is assigned to the variable p. The Name and Age fields of the p instance are then printed to the console.

Note that the use of constructors in Go is not mandatory, and you can create new instances of a custom type without using a constructor function. However, constructors can be useful for ensuring that new instances are always created with a consistent initial state, and for encapsulating any initialization logic that needs to be performed.